(le Roislin)

是6月以来mi La na nAithreacha,让我们再一次审视各种单词“爸爸”和“爸爸”在爱尔兰,尤其是直接地址。所以我们休息短暂的爱尔兰名字我们在研究在过去的博客(肖恩,辛妮,srl。)和他们的直接地址形式(“Dia几文钱,Sheain !,”“Slán agat, a Shinéad!,” srl.). Tá nasc don bhlag sin thíos(下面的链接,nasc1)。

首先一个快速回顾一下“直接地址。”In English, the concept exists and, in writing, it’s marked by punctuation, specifically, the comma (一个chamog)。也许你一直努力申请,逗号,如“让我们吃,奶奶!”In speech, direct address is generally marked a little bit by a slight pause before the person’s name, but there’s no grammatical change to the noun of direct address as there is in Irish (or for that matter, Scottish Gaelic, Latin, etc.). If we don’t use the comma or make that slight pause in English, the implication is more like “Let’s eat Grandma!,” a much more drastic suggestion. For English, commas rule! In Irish, there would never be any confusion in these two Grandma phrases, as long as direct address was properly marked. Which of the following means “Let’s eat, Grandma!” in Irish?: a)”Mhamo Ithimis !”b)“Ithimis乳房!”(Freagra thíos).

现在让我们看看发生了什么“爸爸/爸爸”字我们确定了在最近的博客这个词父亲:多,deaid、deaide daidi、daide deaidi (nasc 2含硫的)。正如你可能已经注意到,一些开始和一些从“de - da -。”That will make a world of difference in pronunciation, both in their basic form and when they’re put into direct address (Dhaid Dheaid, srl。)

在我们转向直接地址形式之前,让我们简要地看一下发音的(如“苗条dDeaid”,为“d”)和发音的“广义d”(第一个“d”的“多”)。改变之前“一个Dheaid”和“一个Dhaid:“那是。第一,“苗条d””Deaid”:

Deaid(苗条d):这个“d”有一个轻微的“j”声音,有点像英国(而不是美国)的发音“公爵。“我通常转录为“dj。”In some dialects, the “j” element is stronger, in others it’s less noticeable. At any rate, I’d transcribe “Deaid”“djadj”(近押韵与“徽章”或“马奇),因为“d”的。这声音在爱尔兰的另一个例子将是“托”,在“去托”,顺便说一下,这不是像拉丁语”托”,也不像贝拉方特的“day o !”。<初步笑>。爱尔兰”托“更接近英语“乔”,它只是一个音节。附加的例子爱尔兰的细长的“d”:Diarmaid,提奥,负责人殿等。顺便说一下,这是比较英语“j”,而不是“j”在西班牙语或德语,也许其他语言,这将是一个完全不同的声音。

现在,“d”的“多”:

多(广泛的头文字d):这是“牙科d,”这意味着你发音,舌尖压在上面的牙齿。是介于英语“吃饭”和“薄。”Saying “back” of the upper teeth is almost superfluous here , since it would be just about impossible to say anything if you were pressing the tip of the tongue against the front of the upper teeth. Try it! This broad “d” sound is basically impossible to represent in standard Roman letters. We could use the actual International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), not the “Irish-modified” International Phonetic Alphabet, in which case, the symbol would be /d̪ˠ/. That’s good and accurate and all, but a bit cumbersome for present purposes. In the Irish-modified IPA, “broad d” is simply represented by /d/, which doesn’t really tell us anything about the “dental” aspect. Also, I don’t want to mix my transcriptions with half-IPA, half-non-IPA, so I’ll stick to describing the sound and recommending listening to recordings of native speakers.

这就是开始的“d”声音的各种对爸爸和Daddy-almost像“j””Deaid”和“牙”的“d”的“多”。第二个“d”的“多”是细长的,并不是我们的主要重点。现在让我们看看这些声音直接地址。有一个变化在拼写和发音这个单词的开始。在这两种情况下,拼写变化是添加一个“h”后“d”(弱辅音或标记seimhiu)。

细长的“d”,新的声音(细长的“dh”)是喜欢英语“y”在以下基本的短语:

黑,Dheaid![…呃yadj],“嗨,爸爸!”

超人abhaile Dheaide!(…呃YADJ-uh)安全回家,爸爸!”

Dheaidi La na nAithreacha Sona几文钱![…呃YADJ-ee],“爸爸,父亲节快乐!”

在我们继续之前抄写笔记。上面的三个例子有英文“y”声音“牦牛”或“亚祖河。”The gamma sign (/ɣ/), used to transcribe the voiced velar fricative that we’ll discuss below, looks a lot like a “y” but please do note the difference. Visually the gamma sign is curvier at the bottom and in this font, at least, it’s perfectly vertical while the lower-case “y” is on a slant.

现在我们有宽阔的“dh”版本,用喉音(膜的摩擦音)发音,通常被描述为“嘶哑的。“这声音一直在讨论各种本系列之前的博客(nasc 3含硫的)。这有点像喉咙“ch”“肆无忌惮”和“立正”,但有点软,它来自下层的喉咙。掌握这声音的一个很好的理由,那么你也可以令人信服地说“莫ghra星期四“(muɣraw hoo),我爱你!),因为广泛的“gh -“有相同的声音。这个声音也需要谈谈住(Dhonail)或Grainne (Ghrainne),说你有两个牛(dha dhamh),讨论x射线(x-gha)或说Scotty微笑着你”Gha-sheol Scotty anios我”(更多”ga-sheoladh早些时候,“查看另一个博客,nasc 4含硫的)。无论如何,这是我们的例子“爸爸”和“爸爸”的广泛的初始“d”:

Ca bhfuil eochracha chairr, Dhaid吗?(…呃ɣadj),车钥匙在哪里,爸爸?

助教meadu我莫liuntas de dhith orm Dhaidi![…呃ɣADJ-ee]“我需要提高我的津贴,爸爸!”

一个Dhaide dhilis, o Dhaide dhil,“mbionn madrai ag briongloideach吗?一个“bhfuil cluasa ag lachain吗?![嗯ɣADJ-uh;完整的称呼的短语下面是:嗯ɣADJ-uh YEEL-ish,呃ɣADJ-uh yil],”爸爸啊,爸爸亲爱的亲爱的,狗的梦想吗?鸭子有耳朵吗?”In case you wondering about the surreal nature of that, you might want to go back and check out Sesame Street ca. 1972 (“Daddy Dear, O Daddy Dear”). You might remember how the man and little girl sang “dee, dee, dee, dee,” as the actual letters popped out on the screen. I can just imagine a chorus of children singing the voiced velar fricative version “dhaoi、dhaoi dhaoi dhaoi”!

我们可以扩展这个练习这个词Daideo”(爷爷、爷爷),既有广泛的“d”(da)和一个细长的“d”(de):

Dhaideo La breithe sona几文钱!(…呃ɣADJ-oh),”爷爷,生日快乐!”

好了,我们还没有完全耗尽所有的“爸爸”的可能性,但我认为我们已经取得了一个很好的削弱爸爸范式和一些发音问题(广泛而细长的d,广泛而细长lenited d)。总有一天我们会赶上爱尔兰为“长腿叔叔”(不是“爸爸”这个词在爱尔兰),甚至“大款。“和/或之间的区别“dadonna”和“daideonna。”Leid:他们是完全无关的。除非”Daideo“是一个”ailtire”,也就是说,在这种情况下,他可能已经建立了一个“护墙板并且仍然悬而未决,”na Daidini”。甚至“一个Dhaidin”的一部分intriacht我见过几次基于“增大化现实”技术的一个Idirlion,可追溯回我们的一个忠实的读者(MiseAine)。山东,Roislin

Gluais: ailtire架构师;绿草,爱变成了“ghra“后”莫”);intriacht插入语;密苏里州,我的;seoladh、发送、发送

Ithimis Freagra: 1)“Mhamo !”的意思是“让我们吃,奶奶!“第二个选择。”Ithimis乳房!”的意思是“让我们吃奶奶!”

Nascanna:

1)//www.hnhanxing.com/irish/deir-tusa-slan-deirimse-halo-saying-hello-and-goodbye-in-irish-cuid-a-do-goodbye/和//www.hnhanxing.com/irish/you-just-call-out-my-name-sa-tuiseal-gairmeach-of-course-in-irish-pt-1/

2)//www.hnhanxing.com/irish/when-is-an-athair-not-a-father-literally-that-is/

3)Maidir花环na cuimiltigh choguasacha://www.hnhanxing.com/irish/saying-i-love-you-in-irish/,的副标题是“通过膜的摩擦音,“所以,是的,有一个连接

4)Maidir le“ga-sheoladh”(文学beam-sending学生),//www.hnhanxing.com/irish/%E2%80%9Cga-sheol-go-filideilfia-no-go-detroit-me-a-scotty-ta-me-ag-iarraidh-an-taispeantas-exhibition-%E2%80%98realtaistear%E2%80%99-a-fheiceail%E2%80%9D/